Termites
Termites are wood-destroying insects that cause significant structural damage to homes and buildings each year. In the United States, termite damage affects hundreds of thousands of properties annually and results in billions of dollars in repairs. Unlike damage caused by fires or natural disasters, termite damage is typically not covered by homeowners insurance, making early detection and prevention especially important.
Because termites feed quietly and remain hidden for long periods, infestations often go unnoticed until damage becomes extensive.
What Termites Look Like
In many areas of the Southeast, subterranean termites are the most commonly encountered species. These termites live underground and rely on moisture to survive. Like other termite species, they operate within a caste system, with each group serving a specific role within the colony.
Worker termites are responsible for feeding the colony, caring for young termites, and damaging wood. They are small, soft-bodied, and light in color.
Soldier termites protect the colony. They resemble workers but have larger heads and strong mandibles used for defense.
Reproductive termites, also called swarmers or alates, are winged adults that leave the colony to establish new nests. After swarming, they shed their wings and search for suitable nesting sites.
Signs of a Termite Problem
Termites are rarely seen until a colony is well established. One of the most noticeable warning signs is a swarm, which often occurs during warmer months and may follow rainfall.
Other common indicators include:
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Mud tubes along foundations or walls.
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Wood that sounds hollow or appears damaged.
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Buckling or blistering surfaces.
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Small piles of discarded wings near windows or doors.
These signs often suggest ongoing activity rather than a new issue.
What Termites Eat
Termites feed on cellulose, a material found in wood and other plant-based products. While they prefer damp or decaying wood, established colonies will consume sound structural wood as well.
Items commonly affected include:
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Structural framing.
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Wooden doors and window frames.
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Cabinets and shelving.
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Paper products such as books and cardboard.
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Furniture and stored items.
Even buildings constructed with steel or masonry may still be vulnerable due to the presence of wood components.
Termites Versus Ants
Swarming termites are often mistaken for ants, but there are several key differences.
Termites have wings that are equal in size, straight antennae, and a thick, uniform waist. Ants have uneven wing lengths, elbowed antennae, and a narrow, pinched waist. Correct identification is important, as termite activity requires a different response than ant infestations.
Why Termite Problems Require Professional Attention
Termites live hidden within soil, walls, and structural components, which makes detection difficult without proper training. Because colonies can remain active for years, professional evaluation is often needed to identify risk areas, confirm activity, and determine appropriate next steps.
